Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) Proses Pengolahan Air Limbah Domestik di Perusahaan Galangan Kapal
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33005/envirous.v4i1.154Keywords:
Analisis Dampak Lingkungan, Instalasi Pengolahan Air Limbah, Life Cycle Assessment (LCA), Environmental Impact Analysis, Wastewater Treatment Plant, Life Cycle Assessment (LCA)Abstract
Salah satu perusahaan galangan kapal di Kota Surabaya menghasilkan debit air limbah domestik rata-rata sebesar 0,125 m3 perharinya. Saat ini, perusahaan terkait memiliki Instalasi Pengolahan Air Limbah (IPAL) untuk disesuaikan parameter baku mutunya sebelum dibuang ke badan air. Pengolahan air limbah berpotensi menghasilkan emisi gas rumah kaca, baik diperoleh dari proses pengolahan atau dari alat pendukung pengoperasian. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menganalisis dampak lingkungan yang ditimbulkan dari tiap proses pengolahan IPAL dengan menggunakan metode Life Cycle Assessment (LCA). Proses analisis data menggunakan software OpenLCA dengan metode IMPACT 2002+. Dampak yang dianalisis yaitu Global Warming, Respiratory Inorganics, dan, Ozone Layer Depletion. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa dampak global warming terbesar dihasilkan dari proses di tangka anaerob-aerob sebesar 3,60 x 10-4 kg CO2-eq. Dampak lingkungan Respiratory Inorganics terbesar dari proses anaerob-aerob yaitu sebesar 3,02 x 102 kg PM2.5 eq. Dampak lingkungan Ozone Layer Depletion terbesar dihasilkan dari proses bak ekualisasi yaitu sebesar 4,62 x 10-2 kg CFC-11 eq. Rekomendasi perbaikan yang dapat dilakukan antara lain pengolahan gas metan dengan digesti anaerobik, pemantauan unit secara berkala, dan pembuatan lahan terbuka hijau.
One of the shipbuilding companies in the city of Surabaya produces an average domestic wastewater discharge of 0.125 m3 per day. Currently, the relevant company has a Waste Water Treatment Plant (WWTP) to adjust the quality standard parameters before being discharged into water bodies. Wastewater processing has the potential to produce greenhouse gas emissions, whether obtained from the processing process or from operational support equipment. The aim of this research is to analyze the environmental impacts resulting from WWTP process and using the method Life Cycle Assessment (LCA). The data analysis process uses software OpenLCA with the IMPACT 2002+ method. The impacts analyzed are:Global Warming, Respiratory Inorganics, and, Ozone Layer Depletion. The results show that impact globalwarming with the largest score is produced from processes in anaerobic-aerobic tanks of 3.60 x 10-4 kg of CO2-eq. Environmental impact Respiratory Inorganics with the largest score is produced from processes in anaerobic-aerobic of 3.02 x 102 kg PM2.5 eq. Environmental impact Ozone Layer Depletion Inorganics with the largest score produced from the equalization process, namely 4.62 x 10-2 kg CFC-11 eq. Recommendations for improvements that can be made include processing methane gas with anaerobic digestion, regular monitoring of the unit, and creating green open areas.
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